Title | The organizing principle: microenvironmental influences in the normal and malignant breast. |
Publication Type | Journal Article |
Year of Publication | 2002 |
Authors | Bissell MJ, Radisky DC, Rizki A, Weaver VM, Petersen OW |
Journal | Differentiation |
Volume | 70 |
Issue | 9-10 |
Pagination | 537-46 |
Date Published | 2002 Dec |
ISSN | 0301-4681 |
Keywords | Apoptosis, Breast, Breast Neoplasms, Coculture Techniques, Female, Humans, Signal Transduction |
Abstract | The current paradigm for cancer initiation and progression rests on the groundbreaking discoveries of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. This framework has revealed much about the role of genetic alterations in the underlying signaling pathways central to normal cellular function and to tumor progression. However, it is clear that single gene theories or even sequential acquisition of mutations underestimate the nature of the genetic and epigenetic changes in tumors, and do not account for the observation that many cancer susceptibility genes (e.g. BRCA1, APC) show a high degree of tissue specificity in their association with neoplastic transformation. Therefore, the cellular and tissue context itself must confer additional and crucial information necessary for mutated genes to exert their influence. A considerable body of evidence now shows that cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are essential organizing principles that help define the nature of the tissue context, and play a crucial role in regulating homeostasis and tissue specificity. How this context determines functional integrity, and how its loss can lead to malignancy, appears to have much to do with tissue structure and polarity. |
DOI | 10.1046/j.1432-0436.2002.700907.x |
Alternate Journal | Differentiation |
PubMed ID | 12492495 |
PubMed Central ID | PMC2933198 |
Grant List | CA57621 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States CA64786-02 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 CA057621-07 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 CA057621-19 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States R01 CA064786-04A1 / CA / NCI NIH HHS / United States |